Tuesday, December 10, 2013

2011: Transformers & Electrical Quandaries

Crossing the Atlantic

Repairs Underway: Part 3

240 Volt Transformer.  Our boat, being American, is equipped with 110 volt AC wiring for marina connections, and the on-board generator supplies 110 volts while at sea, to run the inverter/charger, refrigeration, air conditioners, and water heater if (rarely) needed.  In 2011, with Europe being on 240 volts systems, we had to come up with a solution. 

Fortunately, we were not the first to confront this problem and the simplest solution (and cheapest) was to purchase a transformer.  The transformer is one of those yellow very heavy transformers that, I understand, are used by builders in the UK because they have to use 110 volt power tools rather than 240 volts ones (for safety reasons).  So these transformers are widely used.  We purchased ours (500 GBP) early in our stay in the Azores, at Horta at the local chandlery. 

At the same time we purchased an extension chord to connect the transformer to marina power boxes at one’s marina berth.  I installed our transformer in the aft port quarter cockpit locker.  I modified one of the large AC power cable plugs I already had on board (changed an American female plug for a European equivalent) so that it ran from the  transformer to the AC power inlets on the transom of the boat.  In summary, 240 volt power comes out of the marina powerbox to the transformer via an extension chord.  Transformer changes the 240 volt power to 110 volt and this is sent to the AC power plugs at the back of the boat.  I turn on the 110 volt master switch at the electrical panel and we have normal 110 volt power ie charging batteries, running fridges, etc.  

Very simple really and it works a treat.  I also disconnect one of the plugs when I don’t need to use shore power eg when not running fridges, when going ashore etc, as the transformer does heat up a bit and it’s just a habit of mine to disconnect/switch off things if they are not being used.

Pico from Horta Marina

Monday, December 9, 2013

2011: Finally Crossing the Ditch

Crossing the Atlantic

Repairs Underway: Part 2

Genoa Furling Line.  On our trip across the Atlantic the only gear failure was the genoa furling line started to fall apart and had to be replaced with some spare line.  Not a big problem as it turned out.
Doing a little repair job whilst becalmed
HF Radio.  The HF radio worked as it should and we had good communications with the erstwhile and patient Herb Hilgenburg, the benevolent Canadian who guides so may cruising boats crossing the Atlantic.  We could talk to him quite well, most days atmospheric conditions allowing, all the way to the Azores.  We didn’t use him after that as there was only a thousand miles to go – one week.

Spinnaker Winches.  These have proved to be essential for flying spinnakers and they were also very handy for providing a bit of oomph when we needed to furl headsails in a blow, for example.

Hydrovane wind vane self-steering gear.  We used the Hydrovane almost all the way when crossing the Atlantic.  During a gale we found that sometimes the Hydrovane can be overwhelmed.  I have had to manually steer the boat back on course then reset the Hydrovane to, once again, steer the boat.

Skymate.  We had been really pleased with Skymate’s services (accessing weather forecasts & posting position reports daily on our tracker site) as we sailed through Eastern USA, and its initial assistance as WJ3 moved away from the coast heading for the Azores.  However we eventually began to have connection problems due to, I suspect, fewer available European satellites.  Once we’d made it to the Azores, we ditched it all together and concentrated on finding internet and getting weather reports from Weather Online & Passage Weather
 
I have to say that it disappointed when we were crossing the Atlantic even though we had told them when we were crossing.  Where it did shine however was "e-mailing" our GPS reports to our map & tracker - a twice daily task that kept friends & family in touch with our exact position mid-ocean.  (It can be set up to report automatically too, though we didn't bother.)  However, we disconnected it once we got to the Med because there is plenty of local coverage with the internet using a dongle on the computer.  More on that later. 

Of course, we still have all the hardware installed and will probably reactivate the system (there’s a reconnection fee if you disconnect for longish periods) when we depart the Med but only after assurances from SkyMate that we will be better served (for our Atlantic re-crossing) than previously.  I might add, when it all works, it’s a very good system & excellent safety measure.
Getting settled in for night shift

In Horta Marina, Azores taking a well earned rest

Sunday, December 8, 2013

2011: A Late Start

Crossing the Atlantic

Repairs Underway: Part 1

Generally, all repairs & modifications took place before we left Deltaville Boatyard. We were thankful for the assistance provided by the Yard’s skilled technicians and their quality work.  
Our plan was to head north to New York City, or thereabouts, then head east to Europe along the 40th parallel.  Simple, until we reached Baltimore and I carried out a last minute check of some of our gear…. 

Rudder Steering Arm.  On inspection I discovered two cracks in the rudder fitting – steering arm if memory serves me correctly - at the top of the rudder stock and which was attached to the steering via push rods.  Serious stuff and my discovery brought back many memories of the new rudder being fitted in the British Virgin Islands in 2008.  At the time the new rudder’s stock was ever so slightly smaller than the old one and so the old steering arm needed to be fitted accordingly.  At the time the ‘technician’ did this by belting the living daylights out of the (cast) fitting with a hammer until it eventually cracked.  Two weldings later and some shims had it all fitted okey.  Not.  Time had caught up with it and the steering arm had failed along the line of the weld.  So I decided, given our Atlantic crossing plans, it was time to fit a brand new one.
Cracked rudder steering arm
After some discussion in Baltimore & Annapolis at various yards, we hoofed it back to Deltaville, reasoning that they understood us and our boat.  Kindly they responded to our short time line (we really needed to get going on our crossing) where they measured the rudder stock precisely and a new fitting was ordered.  It’s interesting to note that Edson, the supplier, needed a reading that was accurate to within three thousandths of an inch.  On being given these dimensions they then bore the hole in the fitting.  It fitted perfectly and is still doing sterling service.
 
Hauling out at short notice
More Steering Breakages.  At this late stage we decided to sail south a relatively short distance to Norfolk, at the southern end of the Chesapeake Bay, and then head off for Europe from there.  The first night out, as you do, we had a fine gale which was quite unexpected.  We also lost autopilot steering when the cog, on the other end of the shaft that the steering wheel is fitted to, sheared so that the chain to the autopilot motor was completely disconnected. 

Unhappily, but not wanting to steer all the way across the Atlantic, we turned back to Norfolk, ordered a new replacement shaft, had the broken one repaired too, fitted the new shaft and autopilot chain, then headed north to New York City (again). 

As we had no further problems we then headed east for Europe via the Azores. As you do!
Some of the crew added their own modifications
which came with a drinks service too!

Saturday, December 7, 2013

Provisioning: On Reflection

On Reflection 

Good food & little celebrations are important moral boosters.  On our best and early days, we had steak and salads and on our worst, packet mashed potatoes stirred into tinned, rich soups with crackers.  We always had a “Happy Hour” (even better when we worked out how to make some ice!), which followed on from our “Herb Hour” (daily radio sched).  After Happy Hour, it was time for dinner then bed for the off-shift crew.  We had something fresh every day (usually fruit & vegies).  We found by eating regularly and well, we didn’t need too much in the way of snack food, although a coffee/tea and a plain sweet biscuit (granita) seemed to help the early morning watch survive.  So did the kit-kats!

Bubble wrapped glass jars survived; groceries held together well clustered in supermarket “green” produce bags and a large ham (wrapped in a vinegar soaked tea-towel) travelled well.  Eggs didn’t crush in their cartons and we chose packaged milk with a clip-down pouring spout to minimise spills.  Frozen mixed vegies taste infinitely better than tinned and creamed corn stirred into 2 minute noodles can taste like the real thing!  Baby cos lettuce are quite robust and pack into the fridge well (in Ziploc containers lined with paper towel).  A couple of butternut pumpkins, bags of potatoes, carrots and packet gravy mix made for an easy roast meal.  Oven bags kept the oven clean when roasting.  It seems that a little forethought goes a long way.

I still have a few things that make me wonder why I ever bought them; like dried Chinese mushrooms.  I also didn’t cook as much pasta as I had planned.  Why?  It requires a large pot of boiling water that can be quite dangerous in a seaway – even with an industrial rubber apron on!  I didn’t make cakes (package pre-mix) or spend hours baking bread.  We ate from bowls rather than plates and made much use of our large vacuum mugs, which kept coffee, soups, noodles etc hot.  Our fishing exploits remained empty threats and we were lucky that the weather treated us kindly, all things considered.  In all, we lived simply and well, arriving at Flores with little need to take on too many fresh provisions, only water.  We could wait until Horta with its larger supermarkets, filled with fresh foods and the pervasive aroma of Portugal – bacalhau – to replenish our dwindling supplies.

The constant motion plays havoc with your taste buds too and we arrived in the Azores with plenty of tins of beer, bladders of wine and even some chocolate leftover.... 

Our most useful things were without doubt, the WAECO, paper towel, fresh meat (frozen) and ice.  “Making life easy” awards go to Idahoan dried mash potatoes, 2 minute noodles, eggs and Progresso tinned soups.  And YES, I would provision again this way.

Friday, December 6, 2013

Provisioning: Bulging Bilges

Stocking the Larder

Supplies.  What is a good basic supply list?  Probably the best supply list we came across was in a Bahamas Cruising Guide which we’ve long since given away.  A tick and flick list covered all domestic supplies, including foods and this gave rise to thinking about soaps, shampoos, washing-up liquids and the like.  To some degree, quantities were “guesstimated” based on current home consumption, but it was always “one and a spare” at the very least.  Many of these supplies are seeing us well into another season but it is always better to have a little more than not enough – as I’m always being told!  Here’s a couple of list examples. A three month cruise & a few spreadsheet examples on the Cruisers Forum. 

Our Tastes.  What do you like to eat?  Food is very important at sea and dinner became a highlight of the each day for us.  So, we needed to consider foods we like, that are easy to prepare and nutritious.  I found it easy to consult a few favourite recipe books; the Australian Woman’s Weekly’s “Light & Lean” in particular.  Before you call me rude names, I generally use recipes as a starting point; once I have an idea in my head, I can easily create” my own versions.  I rarely make cakes but took along a few packets of flour so that if (absolutely) necessary, we could bake bread.  I had one packet cake mix & ready mix frosting for a birthday on board.

We like a hearty evening meal, take a light breakfast and will finish leftovers or have a “snack” lunch.  So, having chosen 30 or more main meals, I photocopied them, subjecting them to further scrutiny.   For instance, salads of cabbage, pumpkin or carrot would be perfect for the end of our trip when fresh supplies had run out.  Recipes were then pasted into an A5 diary, in day order, leaving room of course for breakfast & lunch ideas.  I used the back of the notebook to include notes on cakes, drinks, or even just good ideas.  (I am always subject to over-kill!).  This recipe book provided me with inspiration, a tempting picture and a list of ingredients that I knew I would have on board. 

We made some changes to our shop.  We were used to using long-life milk but still purchased a few tins of evaporated milk, a pack of powdered milk and a container of coffee mate.  We did the same with fruit, including fresh, dried and tinned.  I took what bread I could fit into the freezer, and a few rolls, then purchased vacuum sealed "wraps", rye biscuits and crackers.  Sadly, the only thing missing was a plentiful supply of cup-a-soup mix, clearly not to American tastes! 

Something else I started to do was date the tins.  What?  I found I still had tins rolling around from our Trinidad days, so took to them all with a large felt-tipped (permanent) marker.  On the top (the part I could see on bended knee), I wrote the year of purchase eg 10 for 2010.  That way I could easily see what was to be used up, especially as some of the older tins were starting to rust.  And that Vaseline or varnish thing didn’t do much for me.  We were going to be at sea maybe 30 days or so – not years or months - get a grip!  I also numbered the tins, eg 1/5 thinking this would help monitor usage, but that little exercise was a waste of time.  Sticking to a choice from the recipe book ensured there were always sufficient ingredients, tinned or otherwise!  WJ3 is quite dry, so I resisted the urge to label each tin with its contents too!

Ingredients.  Help me shop for all these goodies!  These recipes, further modified for sea journeys and minimal washing up, were then translated into quantities.  At best you could do up an excel spread sheet or at worst a sticky note tally, but in the end, you will have your quantities; specific, useful foods, not supplies that you don’t have a clue what to do with!   
 
There is no time to dither about what to prepare when underway.  We added to our list an almost trafficable quantity of kit-kats, enough tonic/lemon for a daily happy hour tipple, catering sized tubs of mixed nuts and tubes of Pringles – the only thing that placates a sea-sick prone tummy.  
 
Buy all your long-life supplies first, then finally it’s off to the supermarket or farm produce stall to make your fresh produce selections. The fresher the longer it keeps. 

Thursday, December 5, 2013

Provisioning: It's ALL in the Planning

Sorting the Basics

We've been asked (yes, really!) how we went about provisioning for our jaunt across the Atlantic.  As a blue-water novice, let me tell you, planning to feed us on what was to be a bumpy journey inclined at 45 degrees for 30 days or more, took a bit of research.  Not to mention quite a few trips to the supermarket in Deltaville Marina’s “loaner” car.

Research.  What advice can experienced sailors give me?  The internet and many a sailor’s blog gave me insight into what had worked for them.  Some preferred tinned food, others dried; vegetable life expectancy was frequently discussed, as was the value of reliable refrigeration.  Vegetarian meals were whipped up in a flash and freshly caught fish cutlets sustained many a hard working crew.  “We could grow our own herbs, sprout beans and coddle yoghurt,” GS enthused.  Sure!

Planning.  What are the passage basics?  Planning was important though, so we thought we should start with a few basic facts.  How long would said passage take us, how many crew were going, what do we like to eat, what capacity did we have to store foods, and what was the weather going to be like (in a general sense).  No point in trying to bake custard or set jelly if you’re healed over.

Now having some idea of Windjammer’s average speed, we calculated distances from Chesapeake to the Azores and then on to Lisbon.  So, at worst case, we determined that it would take us 30 days to get to Flores and then 10 days to Lisbon from San Miguel.  Reasoning that everyone eats, we knew we would find some fresh supplies in Horta (and also on the other Islands as we cruised by).  We hoped, contrary to our dismal fishing record to date, that we would also snag a nice tuna or wahoo. (We never did…)

Equipment.  How do you like to eat and cook?  At the Annapolis Boat Show, we had, (hang the expense) shouted ourselves a stainless pressure cooker.  “That,” said the Captain, “will be your most useful tool.”  Actually, it wasn’t – just in case you stop reading here and rush out to buy one!  I love my wok and that, with a large frying pan, and a few stainless saucepans (with lids) did us proud.  I think it’s also a matter of what you are used to cooking with too, although high sides are very important.  I purchased a heavy duty rubberised apron and silicon oven mits – it’s so easy to tip boiling water or hot foods over yourself in choppy seas.  On that note, I would never ever deep fry anything at sea…that oil is an accident waiting to happen. 

While you are raising your eyebrows with concern over our excessive “washing up” requirements, this too was modified with a bucket to fit into our sink to store dirty dishes for one large wash a day.  We fixed a dish drainer to the sink with “occy” straps and only once or twice did the dripping contents tip into our shoe bin.  We did try using sea water to wash up but salt encrusted everything (and became damp).  Cheap stainless bowls and cutlery started to rust and I had to start throwing out cooking utensils which disintegrated before my eyes. 

Washing up brings to mind water usage and after some consideration, we decided that our 200 gallons of fresh water would last – we would make it with careful use – as at worst, in the Caribbean, we had to resupply after 3 weeks (with 3 on board swimming daily).  We also carried extra jerry cans of water (and fuel) as emergency supplies, strapped to the deck.  We never needed it!  (But we would always carry reserves.)

Stowage.  Where will I put all this stuff?  Stowage was another issue, and initially, the plan had been to store groceries under the forward bunk.  After struggling with an unyielding mattress (and having to remake the bed each time– and this was all in our very sheltered marina berth), it became apparent that lockers under the settee would be easier to get to.  Everyday items and those in use (opened) were kept in the galley, the refrigerator became a storage vat for perishables, the freezer (as it didn’t work terribly well with a few generator bursts each day) held our cold drinks and the WAECO was put into service as a freezer (on solar panel power).  Tins were stacked into crates and placed in the galley floor locker.  Glass packaged items, regularly accessed dried goods (like rice & pasta) and those in paper or cardboard wrappings would go behind the settee.  All “re-supply” goods then, were to be stashed into lockers under the settee.  We purchased a few small plastic crates (screwed into place) to hold loose items.  Their high sides meant that we would not lose too much in the event of a knock-down.  Yes, we had to plan on worst case scenario weather too!

Lastly, we had to think about packaging.  Easy to dispose when the garbo comes each week, but at sea we didn’t want storage areas to be full of smelly garbage or cockroach eggs hatching from cardboard containers.  So to minimise packaging, as many items as possible were placed into resealable Ziploc bags.  GS was also lucky to find, in Wal-Mart, a small, vacuum storage system; essentially resealable plastic bags with a manual pump.  Meats and cheeses etc could be removed from trays, then vacuum sealed in serving sizes, contents noted with a permanent texta and frozen to last the journey.  Everything that went into the big fridge was repackaged into the Ziploc containers (replaceable plastic containers with a decent sealing lid) of various sizes, all lined with paper towel. 

One other ah-ha moment was when we realised how much food is already in vacuum sealed packaging.  This was particularly useful as some items did not need to be refrigerated or frozen eg salami.  Lots to think about and we hadn’t even bought any foods yet! 

Wednesday, December 4, 2013

Sew not into it....

Curtains & Cushions: 2011

Are curtains worthy of an entry in H460’s serious work related site?  Well ok, if the First Mate (& blog editor) says so!  That's diplomacy at work...

The curtains on WJ3 looked pretty chatty, so in 2009 they were removed and taken home for patterns.  GS then took it upon herself to sew up some new ones – something a bit more nautical.  We found a nice stripe (to match the saloon cushion covers) in Burnt Street last year and bought the roll remainder and some lining too.  (Yes, the Cap’n came too!  He was still suffering from the blowsy rose fabric which GS, left to her own devices, had chosen to cover the settees in WJ2.)
Not the best photo but you get the idea?
The initial plan had been to sew tab-top curtains but as the “curtain rods” are screwed into the interior head liner (ceiling/walls), we subscribe to the theory of leaving sleeping dogs well alone.  Somewhere, and somehow, in the heat and lack of furnishing shops in Deltaville in 2010, GS managed only to get curtains cut out and “bagged”. (His canvas machine isn’t a patch on my Bernina!!) We decided against tabs & button or Velcro fastenings (too much work & way too fiddley) but couldn’t find an alternate method of attaching them to the thin stainless rod. 

That was last year and of course, there wasn’t enough material to quite finish the job anyway…  So here we are working on Plan B.  Whilst shopping for something else in Ikea’s curtain section, GS found some nice stripes to finish off those aft cabin curtains AND some clever hooks (made for Ikea's stainless wire curtain system) just perfect for WJ3’s skinny curtain rods.  We’ve spent the last two years looking for something like this…..

In case you’re wondering why we’ve posted this ordinary event, let me tell you, nothing, and I mean nothing, on a boat is “square” or the same size or Ever goes to plan.  Hummmpffff!

In continuation 2011, Nauti Nells in Deltaville had some nice turks head (brass) keyrings perfect to add that nautical touch to the curtains.  We are still searching for tiebacks, a few more cushions for the settee and of course the perfect Turkish or Moroccan rug…  Let’s not even start on cushions for the forward cabin (sorry, owner’s stateroom!) to jazz it up a bit.  Then there’s some needed for the cockpit (sunbrella - & doesn't Sailrite have some wonderful designs) to aid our lounging about.  The Cap’n is horrified at all this primping needless to say.
GS & Thumper getting to know each other...
It was a short relationship with lots of shouting!